The American Gas Foundation (AGF) engaged MCR to evaluate the full range of current and future potential benefits that could accrue from natural gas utility energy efficiency (EE) programs, including 1) the current state of gas utility EE cost-effectiveness, and 2) perspective potential future benefits. The report provides an in-depth survey of existing natural gas utility EE programs as well as potential future program approaches and incentive strategies. The study also highlights opportunities to leverage indirect and non-energy benefits stemming from optimal and efficient use of natural gas delivery infrastructure.